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《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2023年 第10卷 第4期 页码 566-578 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2023520
Elucidating the spatiotemporal pattern of water quality and algal biomass is crucial for accurately tracing pollution sources and reducing the risk of algal blooms in lake systems. This study analyzed the spatiotemporal variability of water quality and algal biomass in Erhai Lake from 1994 to 2021 using water quality index (WQI), Mann-Kendall test and Sen’s slope combined methods. The potential causes of water quality deterioration and algal biomass dynamics were also elucidated. The results showed that the historical changes in the water environment of Erhai Lake mainly had three stages: satisfactory (1994‒2001), deteriorating (2002‒2010) and improving (2011‒2021). The changes in water quality and algal biomass were primarily affected by total nitrogen, total phosphorus and chemical oxygen demand in different stages. The water environment of Erhai Lake is currently improving significantly, starting in the southern area that is furthest from the sources of agricultural pollution, especially in summer and autumn. This is attributed to the implementation of control measures resulting in lower pollutant loads at particular times and places. Therefore, it is necessary to continue to promote standardized livestock farming, to strengthen rural wastewater collection and to investigate measures such as the interruption of the endogenous cycle.
关键词： Erhai Lake control measures water environment water quality index (WQI)
null
《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2014年 第9卷 第3期 页码 203-217 doi: 10.1007/s11465-014-0308-8
This study proposes an eco-innovative design process taking into consideration quality and environmental aspects in prioritizing and solving technical engineering problems. This approach provides a synergy between the Life Cycle Assessment (LCA), the non-quality matrix, the Theory of Inventive Problem Solving (TRIZ), morphological analysis and the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP). In the sequence of these tools, LCA assesses the environmental impacts generated by the system. Then, for a better consideration of environmental aspects, a new tool is developed, the non-quality matrix, which defines the problem to be solved first from an environmental point of view. The TRIZ method allows the generation of new concepts and contradiction resolution. Then, the morphological analysis offers the possibility of extending the search space of solutions in a design problem in a systematic way. Finally, the AHP identifies the promising solution(s) by providing a clear logic for the choice made. Their usefulness has been demonstrated through their application to a case study involving a centrifugal spreader with spinning discs.
关键词： eco-innovation non-quality matrix TRIZ composted product spreading
Zhaoxing HAN, Zhenyao SHEN, Yongwei GONG, Qian HONG
《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2011年 第5卷 第1期 页码 119-129 doi: 10.1007/s11783-011-0272-z
关键词： emission trading water functional zone water quality control
A cellphone-based colorimetric multi-channel sensor for water environmental monitoring
《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2022年 第16卷 第12期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-022-1590-z
● A cellphone-based colorimetric multi-channel sensor for in-field detection.
关键词： Colorimetric analysis Multi-channel sensor Cellphone Water quality indexes Environmental monitoring
William J. DAVIES, Susan E. WARD, Alan WILSON
《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2020年 第7卷 第1期 页码 28-44 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2019299
This paper reviews recent developments in crop science that can be the basis of a revolution in the global food system but it is also emphasized that such a revolution requires more than changes in food production and supply. We must more effectively feed a growing global population with a healthy diet while also defining and delivering the kinds of sustainable food systems that will minimise damage to our planet. There are exciting new developments in crop production biology but much existing crop science can be exploited to increase yields with the aid of a knowledge exchange (KE) framework requiring the use of new technology now available to most people across the globe. We discuss novel approaches at both the plant and the crop level that will enhance nutrient and water productivity and we also outline ways in which energy use and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions can be reduced and labor shortages combatted. Exploitation of new biology and new engineering opportunities will require development of public-private partnerships and collaborations across the disciplines to allow us to move effectively from discovery science to practical application. It is also important that consumers contribute to the debate over proposed changes to food and farming and so effective KE mechanisms are required between all relevant communities.
关键词： food security environmental sustainability crop water use efficiency crop science diet and health
The Environmental Impact of the Three Gorges Project and the Countermeasures
You-mei Lu,Cun-liang Shang
《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2014年 第1卷 第2期 页码 120-128 doi: 10.15302/J-FEM-2014019
关键词： the Three Gorges Project ecosystem aquatic species water quality flood control disaster alleviation energy saving emission reduction
《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2022年 第9卷 第2期 页码 245-271 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2021439
Agricultural intensification and the subsequent decline of mixed farming systems has led to an increase in continuous cropping with only a few fallow or break years, undermining global soil health. Arable-ley rotations incorporating temporary pastures (leys) lasting 1–4 years may alleviate soil degradation by building soil fertility and improving soil structure. However, the majority of previous research on arable-ley rotations has utilized either grass or grass-clover leys within ungrazed systems. Multispecies leys, containing a mix of grasses, legumes, and herbs, are rapidly gaining popularity due to their promotion in agri-environment schemes and potential to deliver greater ecosystem services than conventional grass or grass-clover leys. Livestock grazing in arable-ley rotations may increase the economic resilience of these systems, despite limited research of the effects of multispecies leys on ruminant health and greenhouse gas emissions. This review aims to evaluate previous research on multispecies leys, highlighting areas for future research and the potential benefits and disbenefits on soil quality and livestock productivity. The botanical composition of multispecies leys is crucial, as legumes, deep rooted perennial plants (e.g., Onobrychis viciifolia and Cichorium intybus) and herbs (e.g., Plantago lanceolata) can increase soil carbon, improve soil structure, reduce nitrogen fertilizer requirements, and promote the recovery of soil fauna (e.g., earthworms) in degraded arable soils while delivering additional environmental benefits (e.g., biological nitrification inhibition and enteric methane reduction). Multispecies leys have the potential to deliver biologically driven regenerative agriculture, but more long-term research is needed to underpin evidence-based policy and farmer guidance.
Healthy soils for sustainable food production and environmental quality
Xia LIANG, Jizheng HE, Fusuo ZHANG, Qirong SHEN, Jinshui WU, Iain M. YOUNG, Anthony G. O´DONNELL, Ligang WANG, Enli WANG, Julian HILL, Deli CHEN
《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2020年 第7卷 第3期 页码 347-355 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2020339
Soil is the foundation for sustainable food production and environmental protection. Created by unsustainable land management practices and a range of social, economic and environmental drivers, soil degradation and pollution have been an ongoing threat to international food security and environmental quality. Soil degradation and pollution assessments are, however, often focused on the soil itself with little scope to devise new soil management approaches that match food production systems and/or environmental protection. This study draws lessons from an Australia-China Joint Research Center Program, Healthy Soils for Sustainable Food Production and Environmental Quality: a research platform that has brought together multi-disciplinary approaches from world-renowned universities and research organizations in Australia and China. To this end, a framework is presented for future soil management in a new way that combines excellence in research, industry and policymakers in a partnership that will ensure not only the right focus of the research but also that high-quality outputs will be transferable to industry and end-users.
关键词： Australia China environmental quality food production healthy soils
郝吉明,许嘉钰,吴剑,马乔
《中国工程科学》 2017年 第19卷 第4期 页码 13-19 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2017.04.003
本研究以京津冀和西北五省（自治区）为例，研究处于不同经济发展阶段的区域大气环境容量。利用GEOS-Chem全球大气化学传输模式模拟计算大气污染源排放所带来的环境空气中污染物的浓度，以京津冀和西北五省（自治区）的网格平均地面PM2.5年均浓度达到环境空气质量标准（GB3095—2012）为约束条件，确定出京津冀和西北五省（自治区）SO2、NOx、一次PM2.5、VOCs和NH3五种大气污染物环境容量。结果表明，2013年京津冀和西北五省（自治区）SO2、NOx、一次PM2.5、VOCs和NH3五种大气污染物的排放量均超出大气环境容量。
Yurui LI, Hualou LONG, Yansui LIU
《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2010年 第4卷 第4期 页码 438-448 doi: 10.1007/s11783-010-0273-3
关键词： industrial development land use/cover change (LUCC) driving forces environmental effects ecosystem services value (ESV) water environmental quality Changshu
Soil health: model programs in the USA
C. Wayne HONEYCUTT, Cristine L.S. MORGAN, Pipa ELIAS, Michael DOANE, John MESKO, Rob MYERS, LaKisha ODOM, Bianca MOEBIUS-CLUNE, Ron NICHOLS
《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2020年 第7卷 第3期 页码 356-361 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2020340
Population growth, increasing drought, and natural resources degradation are significant global issues. Fortunately, management practices to improve soil health can address many of these issues in ways that are both good for the farmer and the environment. In 2012, the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) Natural Resources Conservation Service initiated its “Unlock the Secrets in the Soil” campaign to assist farmers and ranchers with adopting soil health systems. Other notable efforts at the federal level include research and education projects by USDA Agricultural Research Service, National Institute of Food and Agriculture, and Sustainable Agriculture Research and Education program. The importance of improving soil health is also recognized far beyond federal government programs. The Soil Health Institute, a nonprofit charity, was established to safeguard and enhance the vitality and productivity of soil through scientific research and adoption. Crop commodity organizations are promoting soil health, such as the Soil Health Partnership. The Nature Conservancy is helping companies and private landowners incorporate soil health into their sustainability efforts. Such efforts are supported by the Foundation for Food and Agriculture Research, as well as by some of the leading global food companies such as General Mills. These are just a few of the many efforts to improve soil health in the USA. The significance of the expanding global population, natural resource challenges, and responsibilities to current and future generations truly make enhancing soil health a global imperative.
关键词： carbon sequestration climate change environmental quality farmer programs water quality
尹海龙,葛佳宁,徐祖信,徐晋
《中国工程科学》 2022年 第24卷 第5期 页码 169-176 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2022.05.020
新修订的《中华人民共和国水污染防治法》增加了建立河长制的要求，从法律层面明确了各级首长对行政区域水环境治理的责任。本文在评估分析我国河长制实施成效、现有考核方法体系及其不足的基础上，提出了河湖断面综合水质评价和污水管网污染负荷截污率两种量化考核方法，以提高河长制成效考核的科学合理性。文章以上海市苏州河治理为例，介绍了综合水质考核方法的应用。分析了我国各省（区、市）的污染负荷截污率，发现全国平均仍有34%的污水未经处理排放入河道，造成河道水质反复恶化。将河湖断面综合水质评价和污染负荷截污率纳入河长考核，将会有效推动各地政府将人力、物力、财力集聚到城市排水管网改造和河道截污工作，推动水污染防治取得实实在在的成效。
南水北调工程生态环境影响研究综述——跨流域调水的影响 Review
Hanlu Yan, Yuqing Lin, 陈求稳, 张建云, Shufeng He, Tao Feng, Zhiyuan Wang, Cheng Chen ,Jue Ding
《工程（英文）》 2023年 第30卷 第11期 页码 161-169 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2023.05.012
Interbasin water-transfer schemes provide an engineering solution for reconciling the conflict between water demand and availability. In the context of climate change, which brings great uncertainties to water resource distribution, interbasin water transfer plays an increasingly important role in the global water–food–energy nexus. However, the transfer of water resources simultaneously changes the hydrological regime and the characteristics of local water bodies, affecting biotic communities accordingly. Compared with high economic and technical inputs water-transfer projects require, the environmental and ecological implications of water-transfer schemes have been inadequately addressed. This work selects the largest water-transfer project in China, the South-to-North Water Diversion (SNWD) Project, to critically review its eco-environmental impacts on donor and recipient basins, as well as on regions along the diversion route. The two operated routes of the SNWD Project represent two typical water diversion approaches: The Middle Route uses an excavated canal, while the East Route connects existent river channels. An overview of the eco-environmental implications of these two routes is valuable for the design and optimization of future water-transfer megaprojects.
关键词： Interbasin water transfer Water resources Ecosystem Water quality Environmental impacts
胡宝清
《中国工程科学》 2001年 第3卷 第6期 页码 53-56
在区间与区间之距——IR距概念的基础上给出了相应的可拓评价方法——区间可拓评价方法，并在区域水环境质量评价中给出实例。解决待评事物由实测数据的种种不确定性产生的区间数的评价问题。
新冠病毒肺炎疫情下基于区块链的医院全生命周期环境管理框架 Article
钟波涛, 高寒, 丁烈云, 王宇航
《工程（英文）》 2023年 第20卷 第1期 页码 208-221 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2022.06.024
新冠病毒肺炎疫情持续蔓延，世界各国纷纷通过新建或改造的方式建设了一批应急医院。医院的全生命周期环境管理对预防新冠病毒肺炎院内感染至关重要。为应对病例的激增，新建医院往往需要快速交付使用，工期被极大地压缩，工作流程审批速度加快，无法按照常规流程进行质量检查和验收，增加了感染预防措施执行质量的控制难度。本研究探索了区块链技术在改造应急医院项目工作质量检查流程中的潜力，以保障快速建造模式下医院感染控制措施的有力执行。建立了基于区块链的全生命周期环境管理框架，用于追溯医院在设计、施工和运营阶段中关键感染控制措施的执行过程。当无法及时检查某些工序时，该框架能够支持工序完成后再检查。本研究通过用例阐述了该框架的具体功能和应用场景，为医院快速建造模式下的环境管理提供了基于区块链的解决方案。
标题 作者 时间 类型 操作
SPATIOTEMPORAL VARIATION OF WATER QUALITY AND ALGAL BIOMASS IN ERHAI LAKE AND ITS ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT
期刊论文
Eco-innovative design approach: Integrating quality and environmental aspects in prioritizing and solving
null
期刊论文
Temporal dimension and water quality control in an emission trading scheme based on water environmental
Zhaoxing HAN, Zhenyao SHEN, Yongwei GONG, Qian HONG
期刊论文
Can crop science really help us to produce more better-quality food while reducing the world-wide environmental
William J. DAVIES, Susan E. WARD, Alan WILSON
期刊论文
The Environmental Impact of the Three Gorges Project and the Countermeasures
You-mei Lu,Cun-liang Shang
期刊论文
AGRONOMIC AND ENVIRONMENTAL BENEFITS OF REINTRODUCING HERB- AND LEGUME-RICH MULTISPECIES LEYS INTO ARABLE
期刊论文
Healthy soils for sustainable food production and environmental quality
Xia LIANG, Jizheng HE, Fusuo ZHANG, Qirong SHEN, Jinshui WU, Iain M. YOUNG, Anthony G. O´DONNELL, Ligang WANG, Enli WANG, Julian HILL, Deli CHEN
期刊论文
Industrial development and land use/cover change and their effects on local environment: a case study of Changshu in eastern coastal China
Yurui LI, Hualou LONG, Yansui LIU
期刊论文
Soil health: model programs in the USA
C. Wayne HONEYCUTT, Cristine L.S. MORGAN, Pipa ELIAS, Michael DOANE, John MESKO, Rob MYERS, LaKisha ODOM, Bianca MOEBIUS-CLUNE, Ron NICHOLS
期刊论文
南水北调工程生态环境影响研究综述——跨流域调水的影响
Hanlu Yan, Yuqing Lin, 陈求稳, 张建云, Shufeng He, Tao Feng, Zhiyuan Wang, Cheng Chen ,Jue Ding
期刊论文
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